About the plant
What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.
- Habit
- annualPlants of the World Online
- Native range
- Cape ProvincesGBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.
Sources: Plants of the World Online — Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; GBIF Backbone Taxonomy — Global Biodiversity Information Facility.
Two sources report three treatments between them. All are shown.
Protocol 1
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1998Difficulty Low Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
- 1
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: dark
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 21 days to germinate.
100% germination in 21 days.
Protocol 2
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996Difficulty Low Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around April 1, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
- 1
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: light
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 4 days to germinate.
100% germination in 4 days.
Protocol 3
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996Difficulty Low Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
- 1
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: dark
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 21 days to germinate.
86% germination in 21 days.
How each step is done, in Deno’s words, and what Verified and Derived mean.
Germination trials
Readers’ own records of sowing this species, published after review. Share your trial · All trials
No trials shared for this species yet.