About the plant
What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.
- Habit
- perennial or tuberous geophytePlants of the World Online
- Flower
- PinkRead from the photograph on this page
- Native range
- British Columbia, California, Colorado, Idaho, Mexico Northwest, Montana and elsewhereGBIF Backbone Taxonomy
Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.
Sources: Plants of the World Online — Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Read from the photograph on this page — Deno's Garden; GBIF Backbone Taxonomy — Global Biodiversity Information Facility.
Two sources report 6 treatments between them. All are shown.
Protocol 1
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
- 1
- 2
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 21 days to germinate.
52% germination in 7–21 days.
Protocol 2
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 8, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
- 1
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: light
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 28 days to germinate.
12% germination in 7–28 days.
Protocol 3
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1996Difficulty Very high Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 16, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on March 15, 2026.
- 1
Dry storage
Duration: 365 days · Temperature: 70°F 21°C
- 2
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: light
about 12 months from start to sowing. Germination time not stated; 21 days assumed.
6% germination.
Protocol 4
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
- 1
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: light
No stated waiting before sowing. Then 21 days to germinate.
60% germination in 7–21 days.
Protocol 5
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
- 1
Cold moist stratification
Temperature: 40°F 4°C
Germination happens during step 1, in 21 days.
35% germination in 21 days.
Protocol 6
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993- 1
Sow and cover
Temperature: 70°F 21°C · Light: dark
No stated waiting before sowing.
0% germination.
Nothing germinated at 70.
How each step is done, in Deno’s words, and what Verified and Derived mean.
Germination trials
Readers’ own records of sowing this species, published after review. Share your trial · All trials
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