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Wyethia amplexicaulis

Mule's Ear Wyethia · Mule-ears · Northern Mule's Ears

Family AsteraceaeGenus Wyethia

A large yellow daisy with a broad orange center
FlowerMatt Lavin from Bozeman, Montana, USACC BY-SA 2.0

About the plant

What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.

The plant

Habit
Perennial, Forb/herbPLANTS Database
Flower
Bright yellow-orangeWikipedia
Native range
Native to the lower 48 statesPLANTS Database
Note
GA-3 killed the seed outright: every seed rotted.Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed.

Growing conditions

Soil
Adapted to medium, fine textured soilsPLANTS Database
Soil pH
6.2-7.6PLANTS Database
Watering
Drought tolerance: LowPLANTS Database

Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.

Sources: PLANTS Database — USDA NRCS; Wikipedia — Wikipedia contributors; Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno.

Worth knowing

  • Nuttall named the genus for Nathaniel Wyeth, who made its first scientific collections. Mule ears compares the leaves to a mule's ears. Wikipedia: Wyethia amplexicaulis

This source reports three treatments. All are shown.

Protocol 1

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around April 2, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.

  1. Cold moist stratification

    Temperature: 40°F 4°C

    Two of thirteen, at 10-11 weeks.

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C

    Five more of thirteen, in 1-3 days.

Germination happens during step 2, in 3 days.

38% germination in 1–3 days.

Two seeds of thirteen in the cold and five more within three days of the move. Deno's samples were small and he does not call the GA-3 differences significant.

This source doesn't state how long step 1 lasts.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, WyethiaPublic domain
Show the original text
Wyethia (Asteraceae). Samples were small, and differences between GA'3 treated seeds and the controls are not regarded as significant. As with some other Asteraceae, GA-3 treatment did not significantly stimulate germination and in some species it killed the seed. W. amplexicaulis germ. 70(3/9 in 3rd w) and 40(2/13 in 10-11 w)-70(5/13 in 1-3 d). All rotted when treated with GA-3.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Wyethia. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 2

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.

  1. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C

No stated waiting before sowing. Then 21 days to germinate.

33% germination in 21 days.

Three seeds of nine sown warm. Deno's samples were small and he does not call the GA-3 differences significant.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, WyethiaPublic domain
Show the original text
Wyethia (Asteraceae). Samples were small, and differences between GA'3 treated seeds and the controls are not regarded as significant. As with some other Asteraceae, GA-3 treatment did not significantly stimulate germination and in some species it killed the seed. W. amplexicaulis germ. 70(3/9 in 3rd w) and 40(2/13 in 10-11 w)-70(5/13 in 1-3 d). All rotted when treated with GA-3.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Wyethia. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 3

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

  1. Gibberellic acid soak

  2. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C

    All rotted.

No stated waiting before sowing.

0% germination.

Every seed rotted. GA-3 kills this one.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, WyethiaPublic domain
Show the original text
Wyethia (Asteraceae). Samples were small, and differences between GA'3 treated seeds and the controls are not regarded as significant. As with some other Asteraceae, GA-3 treatment did not significantly stimulate germination and in some species it killed the seed. W. amplexicaulis germ. 70(3/9 in 3rd w) and 40(2/13 in 10-11 w)-70(5/13 in 1-3 d). All rotted when treated with GA-3.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Wyethia. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record; the step names come from a fixed list.

How each step is done, in Deno’s words, and what Verified and Derived mean.

Germination trials

Readers’ own records of sowing this species, published after review. Share your trial · All trials

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