About the plant
What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.
- Habit
- perennialPlants of the World Online
- Flower
- WhiteWikipedia
Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.
Sources: Plants of the World Online — Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Wikipedia — Wikipedia contributors.
This source reports two treatments. Both are shown.
Protocol 1
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around June 19, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on June 18, 2026.
- 1
Cold moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 40°F 4°C
- 2
Warm moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 70°F 21°C
- 3
Cold moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 40°F 4°C
1/10 germinated in this phase.
- 4
Warm moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 70°F 21°C
about 9 months from start to step 4. Germination happens during step 4; time not stated, 21 days assumed.
20% germination.
Protocol 2
DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993Difficulty Very high Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 21, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on March 20, 2026.
- 1
Dry storage
Duration: 180 days · Temperature: 70°F 21°C
- 2
Cold moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 40°F 4°C
- 3
Warm moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 70°F 21°C
- 4
Cold moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 40°F 4°C
- 5
Warm moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 70°F 21°C
Steps after step 4 run on after germination.
about 12 months from start to step 4. Germination happens during step 4; time not stated, 21 days assumed.
6% germination.
How each step is done, in Deno’s words, and what Verified and Derived mean.
Germination trials
Readers’ own records of sowing this species, published after review. Share your trial · All trials
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