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Sambucus racemosa

American Red Elderberry · European Red Elder · European Red Elderberry · Red Elderberry

Family ViburnaceaeGenus Sambucus

Domed clusters of tiny cream-green flowers on green stalks, above leaves divided into long sharply toothed leaflets.
FlowerAlgirdas at Lithuanian WikipediaCC BY-SA 3.0

About the plant

What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.

Habit
shrubPlants of the World Online
Habit
Perennial, Shrub, TreePLANTS Database
Flower
White, cream, yellowishWikipedia
Native range
Alaska, Albania, Alberta, Aleutian Is., Arizona, Austria and elsewhereGBIF Backbone Taxonomy

Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.

Sources: Plants of the World Online — Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; PLANTS Database — USDA NRCS; Wikipedia — Wikipedia contributors; GBIF Backbone Taxonomy — Global Biodiversity Information Facility.

Worth knowing

Protocol

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.

  1. Gibberellic acid soak

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: dark

  3. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C

  4. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C

about 6 months from start to step 4. Germination happens during step 4, in 56 days.

25% germination in 56 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Sambucus p. 209Public domain
Show the original text
Sambucus (Caprlfoliaceae). S. racemosa was also found to germinate only with GA-3 and germ. 70D-40-70 GA-3(2/8 in 8th w). Large samples of
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Sambucus p. 209. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

How each step is done, in Deno’s words, and what Verified and Derived mean.

Germination trials

Readers’ own records of sowing this species, published after review. Share your trial · All trials

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