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Aureolaria virginica

Downy Yellow False Foxglove · Virginia Oak-leech · Downy False Foxglove

Family OrobanchaceaeGenus Aureolaria

Two bright yellow trumpet flowers with flared lobes and faint orange marks inside, green buds behind them
FlowerFritzflohrreynoldsCC BY-SA 3.0

About the plant

What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.

The plant

Habit
Perennial, WildflowerExtension Gardener Plant Toolbox
Habit
perennialPlants of the World Online
Flower
Gold/YellowExtension Gardener Plant Toolbox
Blooms
Fall, SummerExtension Gardener Plant Toolbox
Native range
Canada, lower 48 statesPLANTS Database
Hardiness zones
4-9Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox

Growing conditions

Sun
Deep shade; Partial ShadeExtension Gardener Plant Toolbox
Soil
Clay, Loam (Silt), SandExtension Gardener Plant Toolbox
Moisture
Occasionally DryExtension Gardener Plant Toolbox

Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.

Sources: Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox — NC State Extension; Plants of the World Online — Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; PLANTS Database — USDA NRCS.

Worth knowing

This source reports 4 treatments. All are shown.

Protocol 1

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around December 12, 2026 for a May 3 last frost.

  1. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C Light: either

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: either

about 3 months from start to step 2. Germination happens during step 2, in 24 days.

30% germination in 5–24 days.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Aureolaria p. 106Public domain
Show the original text
Aureolaria (Scrophulariaceae). A. virginica germ. 40-70(30% in 5-24 d) and none at 70 using fresh seed. Light had no effect. Outdoor treatment led to 17% germination in March and April, but this is in effect a 40-70 treatment. Germination was much reduced by DS at either 70 or 40. The data were 70(0-5%) and 40-70(4- 10%). Percent germination is difficult to determine as the seed is small.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Aureolaria p. 106. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 2

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Very high Rated by us, not by the source.

Start around December 15, 2026 for a May 3 last frost.

  1. Cold moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 40°F 4°C Light: either

  2. Warm moist stratification

    Duration: 90 daysTemperature: 70°F 21°C Light: either

about 3 months from start to step 2. Germination happens during step 2; time not stated, 21 days assumed.

4% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Aureolaria p. 106Public domain
Show the original text
Aureolaria (Scrophulariaceae). A. virginica germ. 40-70(30% in 5-24 d) and none at 70 using fresh seed. Light had no effect. Outdoor treatment led to 17% germination in March and April, but this is in effect a 40-70 treatment. Germination was much reduced by DS at either 70 or 40. The data were 70(0-5%) and 40-70(4- 10%). Percent germination is difficult to determine as the seed is small.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Aureolaria p. 106. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 3

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

Difficulty Very high Rated by us, not by the source.

  1. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C Light: either

No stated waiting before sowing.

0% germination.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Aureolaria p. 106Public domain
Show the original text
Aureolaria (Scrophulariaceae). A. virginica germ. 40-70(30% in 5-24 d) and none at 70 using fresh seed. Light had no effect. Outdoor treatment led to 17% germination in March and April, but this is in effect a 40-70 treatment. Germination was much reduced by DS at either 70 or 40. The data were 70(0-5%) and 40-70(4- 10%). Percent germination is difficult to determine as the seed is small.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Aureolaria p. 106. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list.

Protocol 4

DerivedN. C. Deno, 1993

  1. Sow and cover

    Temperature: 70°F 21°C

No stated waiting before sowing.

0% germination.

Nothing germinated at 70.

Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Aureolaria p. 106Public domain
Show the original text
Aureolaria (Scrophulariaceae). A. virginica germ. 40-70(30% in 5-24 d) and none at 70 using fresh seed. Light had no effect. Outdoor treatment led to 17% germination in March and April, but this is in effect a 40-70 treatment. Germination was much reduced by DS at either 70 or 40. The data were 70(0-5%) and 40-70(4- 10%). Percent germination is difficult to determine as the seed is small.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Aureolaria p. 106. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record; the step names come from a fixed list.

How each step is done, in Deno’s words, and what Verified and Derived mean.

Germination trials

Readers’ own records of sowing this species, published after review. Share your trial · All trials

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