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About the plant What it is and where it grows — not part of any germination protocol.
Habit perennial Plants of the World Online
Habit Perennial, Forb/herb, Subshrub PLANTS Database
Flower Yellow-green Wikipedia
Native range Alaska, Canada, lower 48 states PLANTS Database Toxicity is noted only where a source states it. No note here is not a finding of safety.
Sources: Plants of the World Online — Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; PLANTS Database — USDA NRCS; Wikipedia — Wikipedia contributors.
Worth knowing The scarlet "paintbrush" is made of colored bracts and sepals around small green flowers. Like most paintbrushes it is partly parasitic, tapping other plants' roots, which is why it is so hard to transplant or raise from seed. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center: Castilleja miniata This source reports two treatments. Both are shown.
Protocol 1 N. C. Deno, 1993 Difficulty Moderate Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around October 21, 2027 for a May 3 last frost. Too late for spring 2027 — that needed starting on October 20, 2026.
1 Warm moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 70°F 21°C
3 germinated in this phase.
2 Cold moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 40°F 4°C
about 3 months from start to step 2. Germination happens during step 2, in 77 days.
88% germination in 21–77 days.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Castilleja p. 113Public domain Show the original text Castilleja (Scrophulanlaceae). There have been suggestions that Castilleja seed is difficult to germinate and that chemical exudate from the roots of host species (Castilleja are parasitic). are needed to induce germination. None of this is in accord with the results herein, and patterns were found that gave excellent germination without the addition of any exogenous chemical. Most of the species germinate largely at 40. The seedlings grow vigorously until the stem has elongated to the point of producing 5-10 true leaves. Then the seedlings lose vigor and die off showing the need for a host plant. These conclusions were based on studies on seventeen samples. No photoeffects were found in five experiments. Although the germination of the seed occurs without any exudate from a host, it is still possible and perhaps probable that an exudate from a host is required for the development of the haustoria. DS is tolerated for a y, but seeds DS for 4 y were all dead. C. miniata germ. best in 70(3%)-40(88% in 3-11 w) and less in 40(22%)- 70(4%). This latter pattern might have given more germination if extended for another cycle. Germination was unaffected by light. Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Castilleja p. 113. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list. Protocol 2 N. C. Deno, 1993 Difficulty High Rated by us, not by the source.
Start around March 15, 2027 for a May 3 last frost.
1 Cold moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 40°F 4°C
2 Warm moist stratification
Duration: 90 days · Temperature: 70°F 21°C
4 germinated in this phase.
Steps after step 1 run on after germination.
Germination happens during step 1; time not stated, 21 days assumed.
22% germination.
Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. — N. C. Deno, 1993 · Ch. 20, Castilleja p. 113Public domain Show the original text Castilleja (Scrophulanlaceae). There have been suggestions that Castilleja seed is difficult to germinate and that chemical exudate from the roots of host species (Castilleja are parasitic). are needed to induce germination. None of this is in accord with the results herein, and patterns were found that gave excellent germination without the addition of any exogenous chemical. Most of the species germinate largely at 40. The seedlings grow vigorously until the stem has elongated to the point of producing 5-10 true leaves. Then the seedlings lose vigor and die off showing the need for a host plant. These conclusions were based on studies on seventeen samples. No photoeffects were found in five experiments. Although the germination of the seed occurs without any exudate from a host, it is still possible and perhaps probable that an exudate from a host is required for the development of the haustoria. DS is tolerated for a y, but seeds DS for 4 y were all dead. C. miniata germ. best in 70(3%)-40(88% in 3-11 w) and less in 40(22%)- 70(4%). This latter pattern might have given more germination if extended for another cycle. Germination was unaffected by light. Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd ed., Ch. 20, Castilleja p. 113. Quoted exactly. Every value on this card comes from this record, except the difficulty rating, which is ours; the step names come from a fixed list. How each step is done , in Deno’s words, and what Verified and Derived mean.
Germination trials Readers’ own records of sowing this species, published after review. Share your trial · All trials
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